Pass Check: Inference
Read between the lines to work out ideas, feelings and viewpoints not stated directly.
Inference
A conclusion drawn from evidence in the text rather than something stated outright.
Explicit information
Information stated directly and clearly in the text.
Implicit information
Information suggested or hinted at, requiring the reader to work it out.
Textual evidence
A quotation or detail from the text used to support a point.
Viewpoint
The attitude or perspective a writer or character holds towards a subject.
Subtext
The underlying meaning beneath the literal words, often revealing true feelings.
Tone
The mood or attitude conveyed through word choice, which can hint at unstated feelings.
Reading between the lines
Working out what is implied by combining small clues across a text.
Quick check
Mixed quiz
1. Read this extract: "He asked if she was alright twice, and only when she did not answer the second time did his smile fade." What is the most precise inference about his true feeling?
2. Read this line: "Every time his name was mentioned, she changed the subject." What can you infer about her feelings towards him?
3. Read this line: "His jaw tightened as the announcement was made, though he said nothing." What attitude is suggested here?
4. Read this line: "The boy pushed his plate away, untouched." What might this suggest?
5. Read this line: "He nodded along to what she said, though his eyes drifted to the window." What does this suggest about his attitude to the conversation?
6. Read this extract: "The letter lay unopened on the table for three days, moved only when someone needed the space." What is the most precise inference about the recipient?
7. Read this line: "He counted his coins twice before paying." What might this suggest?
8. Read this line: "She spoke kindly, but each word carried a hint of impatience." What is her attitude here?